Ventilation and Fire Safety in Construction Projects

Ventilation and Fire Safety in Construction Projects TASK 1 Define the term â€Å"Building Services† A building which makes it safe and comfortable to be in under the title ‘Building Services’. The building also must do what it was designed to dony not just provide shelter but also be an enviroment for living, work and achieve. According to Roger Greeno (2000), services are the nerve system of a building. Discuss the needs to install the system for the services in a building. Component of Building Services that must be installed in a building, first, water, drainage and plumbing. Second, escalators and lifts for occupation used and energy supply for example electricity, gas and renewable sources. Identify and explain the component of building services applied into the building that you choose. The component of building services applied into the building that are: Water Drainage By applied the water drainage into the site and building for making the water more easier to move at one direction. Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from an area. Many agricultural soils need drainage to improve production or to manage water supplies. Escalators An escalator is a moving staircase – a conveyor transport device for carrying people between floors of a building. The device consists of a motor-driven chain of individual, linked steps that move up or down on tracks, allowing the step treads to remain horizontal. Electricity Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electric charge. Electricity gives a wide variety of well-known effects, such as lightning, static electricity, electromagnetic induction and electrical current. In addition, electricity permits the creation and reception of electromagnetic radiation such as radio waves. TASK 2 With the aid of diagram, explain the component of fire triangle. The blaze triangle or ignition triangle is a basic model for comprehension the vital elements for generally fires. Fuel In the event that fuel is evacuated, the blaze will starve and be quenched. With bushfires this is possible through various preemptive techniques, including endorsed blazing or physical evacuation of the fuel. Amid out of control bonfire concealment the evacuation of fuel is possible physically through the raking of flame line or the utilization of bulldozers to clear a blaze line. Air In the event that air is evacuated, the blaze will suffocate – in light of an absence of oxygen – and go out. The expulsion of air from a bushfire is very troublesome as flames are regularly huge and incorporate impressive territory. Heat The evacuation of high temperature or the cooling of a blaze is the most widely recognized manifestation of concealment. As a rule water is utilized to basically drench up the hotness produced by the flame. This hotness turns the water into steam, accordingly looting the flame of the high temperature utili Identify and explain the components of fire prevention control system that installed in the building that you choose. Component of fire prevention and control system that installed in the building that I choose are design of buildings, structure, fabric and components. The control system are hose reels, Hose reel system is intended for the occupant to use during the early stages of fire and comprises hose reel pumps,fire water tank,hose reels,pipe work and valves. The hose reel system generally serves as an initial fire fighting aid. When the hose reel is brought into use the pressure in the pipe immediately downstream of the pump check valves will drops below the field adjusted pressure setting of the pressure switch thereby trigerring the pump to comes into operation automatically to feed a steady supply of water to discharge through the hose. Fire fighting hose reel is the part which can be easily accessible. The fire hose reel outlets should be properly housed in glass fronted cabinet secured under lock and key. TASK 3 Explain the ventilation requirement for different types of space/room/accommodation. SPACE Considered the best arrangement of ventilation and for the most part in spaces where nature of administrations is the prime concern-consequently is not shabby. The air separated before circulated into space. Suitable for silver screens, departmental stores, healing centers, (esp. operation theaters) research facilities. ROOM These air is warmed before it is constrained into room. The air may be warmed midway and circulated utilizing channels to rooms or warmed independently. Usually utilized engine compartment room, work places and exceptional plants. Suitable for multi-story building. ACCOMMODATION Concentrate fans and channels used to guarantee the taint air is consistently evacuated. The room is then loaded with natural air from outside. Utilized as a part of research facilities, kitchen, gathering or multi-reason lobbies. In some space the operation of these fans are coordinated with different administrations, for example, lighting. Identify and explain the air-conditioning system that installed in lecture rooms. Split air conditioner have two main parts outdoor units and indoor units. The outdoor unit uses a compressor and air cooled condenser to provide cold refrigerant to a cooling coil in the indoor unit. A fan then blows air across the cooling coil and into the room. The indoor unit can either be ceiling mounted (cassette unit), floor mounted or duct type. Figure 1 Explain at least THREE (3) reasons why the type of air-conditioning system state in task 3 (a) is used. Part aeration and cooling system have two principle parts outside units and indoor units. The outside unit utilizes a compressor and air cooled condenser to give cool refrigerant to a cooling loop in the indoor unit. A fan then blows air over the cooling curl and into the room. The indoor unit can either be roof mounted (tape unit), floor mounted or pipe sort. TASK 4 Explain THREE (3) basic physical laws that need to be consider when designing or planning any water installation. Water is liable to the power or gravity and will think that it level. Second, to overcome grating inside the passing on funnels water which is put away before dispersion will require to be under weight and this is typically attained by putting away the water at a level over the level of the outlets. Finally, the vertical separation between these levels is typically called the head. Water gets to be less thick as its temperature is raised hence warm water will dependably dislodge colder water whether in a shut or open circuit. With the aid of diagram, discuss the differences between direct and indirect hot water system. Direct system – In an immediate framework, the water supply bolsters the heater and afterward the taps. Indirect system A roundabout high temp water framework is the place the evaporator warms water in an essential circuit coursing through a hotness exchanger curl in a boiling hot water chamber. Water in the taps goes through from the supply regularly with a header tank through the chamber and to the taps. The faucet water never experiences the heater. TASK 5 Explain the differences between electricity single phase and 3 phase supply. Single phase supply Electric force alludes to the appropriation of exchanging current electric force utilizing a framework as a part of which all the voltages of the supply shift as one. Single-stage dispersion is utilized when burdens are generally lighting and warming, with few huge electric engines. A solitary stage supply associated with an exchanging current electric engine does not deliver a rotating attractive field; single-stage engines require extra circuits for beginning, and such engines are unprecedented over 10 or 20 kw in evaluating. Three phase supply Electric force frameworks have no less than three conveyors convey substituting current voltages that are counterbalanced in time by one-third of the period. A three-stage framework may be orchestrated in delta or star (likewise meant as wye in a few regions). A wye framework permits the utilization of two separate voltages from each of the three stages, for example, a 230/400v framework which gives 230v between the unbiased (focus center) and any of the stages, and 400v over any two stages. With the aid of diagram, compare the arrangement between TWO (2) types of Power Circuit and discuss the IEE Regulations that need to comply when installing Power Circuit.